A 2018 review of what we learned about American suburbs ends with this:
It all added up to a portrait of suburbia as a landscape of dynamic cultural and structural change, not sleepy stasis.
I would suggest this is a change that has been happening for decades. Here are the first four features of a more complex suburbia that come to mind. They each go back quite a while:
- Different kinds of suburban communities. The prototypical suburban community looks like Riverside, Illinois or Levittown, New York, places primarily for commuters, consisting of single-family homes., and attracting middle to upper-class residents. These communities had a limited numbers of jobs and local businesses and men were expected to commute to the big city (via train or automobile). The problem with this view, common to find since any book on the history of the suburbs mentions these two bedroom suburbs, is that different kinds of suburbs have been around for at least a century. Different kinds of suburbs included: working-class suburbs, suburbs of non-white residents, industrial suburbs, and suburbs with various levels of density of housing and commercial or industrial property (including edge cities).
- The move of industry and jobs to the suburbs. Even as a good number of early suburbs were bedroom suburbs, the suburbs also proved attractive to industry because of cheap land, access to transportation, and the ability to pollute away from millions of residents in the big city. East St. Louis, Illinois or Gary, Indiana grew as industrial suburbs. After World War Two, the number of jobs grew in suburbs as businesses moved to the suburbs to be closer to workers (or perhaps closer to their CEOs) and suburban residents desired more goods and shopping options (shopping malls, big box stores, restaurants, etc.). By more recent years, the most common commute in the United States was suburb to suburb, not the supposedly typical suburb to big city commute.
- Changing suburban populations. While most early suburbs were white (notwithstanding the occasional community of non-white suburbanites who could not live in white suburbs), suburbs in recent decades have become home to an increasing number of non-white residents. Additionally, poorer residents have made their way to the suburbs in recent decades. These non-white and poorer populations may have hit a certain critical mass in recent years but the trends go back at least a few decades.
- Growing cultural and entertainment options in the suburbs. This trend is more recent than the first three but is still relatively common across metropolitan areas: suburbanites do not need to go into the big city for entertainment and cultural options. The suburbs feature a number of restaurants, museums, parks, music venues, festivals, and other options that make it easier for suburbanites to rarely need to go into the big city for a night out. Certain cultural options may still be richer in the big cities but more regular cultural options are now often found just a few suburbs over.
All of these suburban features may be coming together in new ways or presenting challenges to more suburbs that never thought they would change dramatically from their character at founding. Additionally, thinking about these intertwined suburban traits could help us move past seeing cities and suburbs in a strict dichotomy and instead view metropolitan regions as more cohesive wholes with similar interests and problems to address.
Pingback: Comfort of suburbia allows for the flourishing of comedy and creativity? | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Defining the suburban aspects of the movie “Eighth Grade” | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Food delivery services and restaurants aiming for the unsaturated suburban markets | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Rethink Rezoning, Save Main responses share similar concerns – Part Two | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Analysis suggesting suburban women could decide 2020 election | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Seeing changes in suburbs through the presence of religious congregations | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Remember the suburban voters in 2020 | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Will the suburbs look better moving forward because of COVID-19? | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Looking at suburban crime and police activity across suburbs | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Asking Americans where they live to determine what exactly a suburb is | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Some suburbanites do not like more explicit divisiveness or racism | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Disproportionately more Illinois COVID-19 cases and deaths in the Chicago suburbs | Legally Sociable
Pingback: What vision of the suburbs do President Trump and other Americans have? | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Historian Thomas Sugrue on the complex suburbia of today | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Where will people move to if the suburbs are “abolished”? | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Patterns in suburban Chicago rallies for in-person schooling, sports | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Comparing “five myths about the suburbs” in 2011 and 2020 | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Is the definition of suburbs really in doubt or are the suburbs simply multi-dimensional? | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Why studying multiple suburbs is helpful compared to studying suburbia or a single suburb | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Giving thanks for complex society | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Keeping Donald Trump in front of impressionable suburban voters | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Reasons for suburban legislators leading the Illinois Democrats | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Patterns among suburban voters in 2021 elections | Legally Sociable
Pingback: The decline in percentage of households with married parents and kids and the good life of suburbia | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Focusing mass transit on those who need it or commuters | Legally Sociable
Pingback: You can find great restaurants in the suburbs?!? | Legally Sociable
Pingback: 2020 Census shows increasing number of Black residents in the suburbs | Legally Sociable
Pingback: McMansions as part of or outside of a changing suburbia? | Legally Sociable
Pingback: Two charts showing the growing racial and ethnic diversity in the American suburbs | Legally Sociable
Pingback: More Americans now living in mixed neighborhoods, especially in suburbs | Legally Sociable
Pingback: “Suburbs are now the most diverse areas in America” | Legally Sociable